Rankings universitarios e influencia en el desempeño: Comparando perspectivas en Chile y Venezuela

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Los rankings de universidades son considerados en la actualidad una medida de comparación y posicionamiento entre instituciones,por lo que su estudio suscita un gran interés. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es analizar comparativamente la percepción que tienen las personas expertas de las universidades de Chile y Venezuela, con respecto a nueve dimensiones y cuatro variables de contexto que utilizan los rankings de universidades, y cómo perciben su influencia en el desempeño institucional. La metodología consiste en el análisis estadísticode una encuesta aplicada a 189 funcionarios de diversos cargos provenientes de instituciones de educación superior, de los cuales el 41,2 % corresponden a Venezuela y el 58,8 % a Chile, quienes integran un total de 33 instituciones entre ambos países. Los resultados revelan que enlíneas generales no existen diferencias significativas en las dimensiones y variables de contexto identificadas, a excepción de la dimensión deinternacionalización desde la perspectiva de comparación entre países; en segundo lugar, la infraestructura desde la mirada de la esfera de lo público y lo privado. En cuanto a las variables de contexto, la territorialidad resultó ser la más significativa en relación con la condición deantigüedad en la institución. Se concluye que estos tres aspectos identificados constituyen factores críticos de éxito a promover en los planes estratégicos de las instituciones, de acuerdo con las condiciones particulares de cada institución.

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