Aplicación de MANET como sistema de comunicación en la movilidad sostenible

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Nancy Eras
José Andrés Otavalo
Santiago González

Resumen

En este artículo se presenta una arquitectura basada en el paradigma MANET (Mobile Ad Hoc Network) como un sistema de comunicación de emergencia entre usuarios de bicicletas eléctricas. La solución consta de cuatro nodos móviles que representan a los usuarios y un nodo fijo principal, que emula una estación de anclaje de bicicletas. Esta arquitectura permite la comunicación multisalto entre los nodos, utilizando los protocolos de enrutamiento proactivos OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing) y BATMAN (Better Approach to Mobile Ad Hoc Networking). El estudio se dividió en tres etapas principales. Primero, se hizo un análisis del medio inalámbrico para determinar la distancia máxima de transmisión y el bitrate máximo entre dos nodos. Posteriormente, se caracterizó el comportamiento del throughput en una configuración multisalto conformada por cuatro nodos con el fin de establecer la capacidad de la red en términos de ancho de banda. Finalmente, se implementó una aplicación web para la transmisión de tráfico de audio y texto. En cuanto a la evaluación de la propuesta, se diseñaron dos escenarios que emulan la integración de un nuevo ciclista a la red y la comunicación entre dos usuarios en movimiento. Los resultados revelan que OLSR proporciona una mejor operación del sistema, con un throughput de 2.54 Mbps a 3 saltos y un PRR (Packet Reception Rate) superior al 96 %. Además, garantiza un delay dentro de la recomendación G.114 de la ITU-T (International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication) para una comunicación bidireccional

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