Estudio de la eficacia de los extractos de plantas y agentes bactericidas aplicados contra Xanthomonas axonopodis , el agente causante del tizón del frijol

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Publicado: Aug 26, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17163/lgr.n42.2025.04
Palabras clave:
Bactericidas, tizón común del frijol, proteína vegetal, Xanthomonas campestris, Xanthomonas phaseoli

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Elias Mjaika Ndifon
Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Crop Science, PMB 1010 Abakaliki, Nigeria. [https://ror.org/04thacr56]
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6027-4714

Resumen

El frijol común (un cultivo básico de semilla y una leguminosa importante) es susceptible al tizón del frijol (Xanthomonas axonopodis). El estudio controló el tizón del frijol en el laboratorio y en el invernadero utilizando productos botánicos y bactericidas. Se utilizó un diseño completamente aleatorizado y replicado y se registró el porcentaje de germinación, el número de hojas, la longitud del brote, el peso de la semilla, el peso fresco del brote, la incidencia de la enfermedad y la severidad. Por medio del in vitro, el control del patógeno dependió de la aplicación de antibióticos: tetraciclina, cefalosporina, lincomicina y eritromicina en orden de eficacia, dando un 52,2–100 % de inhibición del patógeno. Los extractos acuosos in vitro de Eucalyptus globulus, Aframomum melegueta, Ricinus communis y Acmella oleracea inhibieron eficazmente el 25,0–62,5 % del crecimiento bacteriano. En el invernadero, los efectos de los bactericidas químicos en las especies de Xanthomonas revelaron una diferencia significativa en el número de hojas a los 49 días después de la inoculación (DDI). También la inhibición porcentual de las especies de Xanthomonas por los bactericidas osciló entre el 46,2 % y el 97,5 % entre los 6 y los 56 DDI. La longitud de los brotes fue significativamente diferente bajo la influencia de los extractos vegetales a los 35 y 49 DDI. Los extractos vegetales causaron una inhibición porcentual del patógeno del 36,4 % al 90,9 % entre los 6 y los 56 DDI. Se requiere la formulación de aplicaciones agrícolas utilizando estos agentes de control.

Detalles del artículo

Número
Vol. 42 Núm. 2 (2025): (septiembre 2025-febrero 2026)
Sección
Artículo Científico
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