Gestión de calidad como estrategia clave de la felicidad en el deporte federado
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Resumen
La relación entre el deporte y la felicidad es un hecho probado en multitud de ocasiones, el ejercicio físico aporta al deportista diversas sensaciones positivas todas ellas muy relacionadas con el término felicidad. Por tanto, partiendo del hecho de que la práctica deportiva produce felicidad, el objetivo de este estudio es de averiguar qué variables influyen principalmente en la felicidad del deportista. Y en concreto del deportista federado. Una de las novedades de este estudio es que los resultados podrían ayudar a los miembros de las juntas directivas de las federaciones a tomar buenas decisiones y poder contribuir en mayor forma a la felicidad del federado. Las principales variables que encontramos en la literatura que influyen positivamente en la felicidad son la calidad percibida y la satisfacción, a su vez encontramos estudios que confirman la influencia de la confianza y las relaciones sociales sobre la felicidad. El estudio empírico se ha realizado a través de datos primarios mediante encuesta sobre una muestra de 601 individuos federados en las distintas federaciones autonómicas de España, concretamente en la modalidad deportiva de kárate. Los resultados obtenidos confirman todas las hipótesis planteadas en este estudio por lo que como indicaba la literatura revisada las cuatro variables analizadas (la calidad percibida, la satisfacción, la confianza y las relaciones sociales) influyen de forma significativa y positivamente en la felicidad.
Palabras Clave
Happiness, satisfaction, perceived quality, trust, sport, karate, federations, social relationships Felicidad, satisfacción, calidad percibida, confianza, deporte, kárate, federaciones, relaciones sociales
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Aksoy, L., Keiningham, T. L., Buoye, A., Larivière, B., Williams, L., & Wilson, I. (2015). Does loyalty span domains? Examining the relationship between consumer loyalty, other loyalties and happiness. Journal of Business Research, 68(12), 2464-2476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.06.033
Anderson, E. W., & Mansi, S. A. (2009). Does customer satisfaction matter to investors? Findings from the bond market. Journal of Marketing Research, 46(5), 703-714. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.46.5.703
Argyle, M. (1994). The Psychology of Happiness. London, UK: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315812212
Barra, C., Pressgrove, G., & Torres, E. (2018). Trust and commitment in the formation of donor loyalty. The Service Industries Journal, 38(5-6), 360-377. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2017.1405937
Barriopedro, E. N., Ripoll, R. R., & Tello, E. A. (2018a). Análisis de la situación actual de la felicidad corporativa de los millennials en España, desde el barómetro del Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas. Revista Académica ECO 18, 1-22.
Barriopedro, E. N., Ripoll, R. R., & Tello, E. A. (2018b). El impacto del crecimiento económico y empresarial en la felicidad social de la población española. En Hernández G. de Velazco, J. J., y Romero Marín, L. C., (Eds.), Perspectivas en Ciencias Jurídicas y Políticas sobre la participación ciudadana, paz, bienestar y felicidad social siglo XXI (pp. 190-210). Barranquilla, Colombia: Educosta SAS.
Bartolini, S., Mikucka, M., & Sarracino, F. (2017). Money, Trust and Happiness in Transition Countries: Evidence from Time Series. Social Indicators Research, 130(1), 87-106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-015-1130-3
Bolifa, F., Cuesta Valiño, P., Núñez-Barriopedro, E., & Penelas Leguía, A. (2018). Los adolescentes musulmanes frente a las oportunidades y las amenazas de la red. Revista Internacional de Investigación en Comunicación aDResearch ESIC, 18(18), 60-79. https://doi.org/10.7263/adresic-018-04
Boudon, R. (2002). Declin de la morale? Declin des valeurs?. Quebec, Canadá: Editions Nota Bene. https://doi.org/10.7202/007464ar
Campillo Álvarez, J. E. (2007). El mono obeso: la evolución humana y las enfermedades de la opulencia: diabetes, hipertensión, arteriosclerosis. Barcelona, España: Crítica.
Consejo Superior de Deportes. (2019). Deporte de Alto Nivel y Alto Rendimiento, 01 de mayo de 2019, Recuperado de https://bit.ly/30rtnzM [Fecha de consulta: 01 de mayo de 2019].
Cuesta Valiño, P., Gutiérrez Rodríguez, P., & Núñez?Barriopedro, E. (2019). The impact of corporate social responsibility on customer loyalty in hypermarkets?: A new socially responsible strategy. Corporate Social Responsability and Environmental Management, 26(4), pp. 761-769. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1718
Dagger, T. S., & Sweeney, J. C. (2006). The Effect of Service Evaluations on Behavioral Intentions and Quality of Life. Journal of Service Research, 9(1), 3-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670506289528
Demir, M., & Urberg, K. A. (2004). Friendship and Adjustment among Adolescents. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 88(1), 68-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2004.02.006
Demir, M., & Weitekamp, L. A. (2007). I am so happy cause today I found my friend: friendship and personality as predictors of happiness. Journal of Happiness Studies, 8(2), 181-211. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-006-9012-7
Easterlin, R. A. (2001). Income and Happiness: Towards a Unified Theory. The Economic Journal, 111(473), 465-484. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00646
Eaton J., Gwinner K., Larson B., & Swanson S. (2015) The Role of Spectators’ Attitudes Toward Commercialization on the Effectiveness of Corporate Sponsorhip of Sporting Events. En Moore, M., Moore, R. (Eds.), New Meanings for Marketing in a New Millennium. Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science (pp 263-263). California, Estados Unidos: Springer Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11927-4_87
Gallarza, M. G., Arteaga, F., Del Chiappa, G., Gil-Saura, I., & Holbrook, M. B. (2017). A multidimensional service-value scale based on Holbrook’s typology of customer value: bridging the gap between the concept and its measurement. Journal of Service Management, 28(4), 724-762. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-06-2016-0166
Gilbert, D. T. (2005). Stumbling Happiness. New York, Estados Unidos: Vintage Books.
Gong, T., & Yi, Y. (2018). The effect of service quality on customer satisfaction, loyalty, and happiness in five Asian countries. Psychology & Marketing, 35(6), 427-442. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21096
Haller, M. A. X., & Hadler, M. (2006). How social relations and structures can produce happiness and unhappiness: an international comparative analysis. Social Indicators Research, 75(2), 169-216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-004-6297-y
Hallmann, K., Breuer, C., & Ku, B. (2013). Happiness, pride and elite sporting success: What population segments gain most from national athletic achievements? Sport Management Review, 16(2), 226-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2012.07.001
Hennig-Thurau, T., Gwinner, K. P., & Gremler, D. D. (2002). Understanding relationship marketing outcomes: An integration of relational benefits and relationship quality. Journal of Service Research, 4(3), 230-247. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1094670502004003006
Hennig-Thurau, T., Langer, M. F., & Hansen, U. (2001). Modeling and managing student loyalty: An approach based on the concept of relationship quality. Journal of Service Research, 3(4), 331-344. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F109467050134006
Huang, H., & Humphreys, B. R. (2012). Sports participation and happiness: Evidence from US microdata. Journal of Economic Psychology, 33(4), 776-793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2012.02.007
Hur, Y., Ko, Y. J., & Valacich, J. (2011). A Structural Model of the Relationships Between Sport Website Quality, E-Satisfaction, and E-Loyalty. Journal of Sport Management, 25(5), 458-473. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.25.5.458
Jang, W., Ko, Y. J., Wann, D. L., & Kim, D. (2017). Does Spectatorship Increase Happiness? The Energy Perspective. Journal of Sport Management, 31(4), 333-344. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2016-0113
Javalgi, R. R. G., & Moberg, C. R. (1997). Service loyalty: implications for service providers. Journal of Services Marketing,11(3), 165-179. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876049710168663
Johnson, D., & Grayson, K. (2005). Cognitive and affective trust in service relationships. Journal of Business Research, 58(4), 500-507. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(03)00140-1
Khan, S., & Hussain, M. (2013). Determinants of Consumer Happiness and Its Role in Customer Loyalty. International Review of Management and Business Research, 2(1), 11-19. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2269677
Nelson, S. K., Della Porta, M. D., Jacobs Bao, K., Lee, H. C., Choi, I., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2015). ‘It’s up to you’: Experimentally manipulated autonomy support for prosocial behavior improves well-being in two cultures over six weeks. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 10(5), 463-476. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2014.983959
Nicolao, L., Irwin, J. R., & Goodman, J. K. (2009). Happiness for sale: Do experiential purchases make consumers happier than material purchases? Journal of Consumer Research, 36(2), 188-198. https://doi.org/10.1086/597049
Núñez-Barriopedro, E., Ruiz-López, J., & Ravina Ripoll, R. (2018). La creatividad en el sector turístico americano y europeo: Caso Croacia. Retos: Revista de Ciencias de la Administración y Economía, 8(15), 83-99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17163/ret.n15.2018.06
Núñez-Barriopedro, E., Ravina Ripoll, R. & Tobar Pesántez, L.B. (2019). La creatividad: un capital intangible como generador de calidad competitiva en el sector publicitario español. Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal, 23(2).
Ravina-Ripoll, R., Núñez-Barriopedro, E., Galiano-Coronil, A., & Tobar-Pesántez, L. B. (2019). Towards a happy, creative and social higher education institution: the case of non-profit marketing and business creation subjects at the University of Cadiz. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 22(1).
Romero-Rodriguez, L.M. & Castillo-Abdul, B (2019). Comunicación para la motivación. Claves de la asertividad y del trabajo en equipo en las organizaciones. En Ravina Ripoll, R., Tobar Pesántez, L.B., y Núñez Barriopedro, E. (Eds.) Happiness management and creativity in the XXI century: Intangible capitals as a source of innovation, competitiveness and sustainable development (pp. 41-54) Granada: España: Comares.
Sato, M., Jordan, J. S., & Funk, D. C. (2014). The role of physically active leisure for enhancing quality of life. Leisure Sciences, 36(3), 293-313. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2014.886912
Seligman, M. E., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2014). Positive psychology: An introduction. In Flow and the foundations of positive psychology (pp. 279-298). Dordrecht, Países Bajos: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9088-8
Smith, A., & Stewart, B. (2010). The special features of sport: A critical revisit. Sport ManagementReview, 13(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2009.07.002
Sweeney, J. C., Danaher, T. S., & Mccoll-kennedy, J. R. (2015). Customer Effort in Value Cocreation Activities: Improving Quality of Life and Behavioral Intentions of Health Care Customers. Journal of Service Research, 18(3), 318-335. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670515572128
Theodorakis, N. D., Kaplanidou, K. (KIKI), & Karabaxoglou, I. (2015). Effect of Event Service Quality and Satisfaction on Happiness Among Runners of a Recurring Sport Event. Leisure Sciences, 37(1), 87-107. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2014.938846
Tokuda, Y., Fujii, S., & Inoguchi, T. (2010). Individual and Country-Level Effects of Social Trust on Happiness: The Asia Barometer Survey. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 40(10), 2574-2593. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2305-7_8
Wemmer, F., & Koenigstorfer, J. (2016). Open Innovation in Nonprofit Sports Clubs. International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 27(4), 1923-1949. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-015-9571-5
Anderson, E. W., & Mansi, S. A. (2009). Does customer satisfaction matter to investors? Findings from the bond market. Journal of Marketing Research, 46(5), 703-714. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.46.5.703
Argyle, M. (1994). The Psychology of Happiness. London, UK: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315812212
Barra, C., Pressgrove, G., & Torres, E. (2018). Trust and commitment in the formation of donor loyalty. The Service Industries Journal, 38(5-6), 360-377. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2017.1405937
Barriopedro, E. N., Ripoll, R. R., & Tello, E. A. (2018a). Análisis de la situación actual de la felicidad corporativa de los millennials en España, desde el barómetro del Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas. Revista Académica ECO 18, 1-22.
Barriopedro, E. N., Ripoll, R. R., & Tello, E. A. (2018b). El impacto del crecimiento económico y empresarial en la felicidad social de la población española. En Hernández G. de Velazco, J. J., y Romero Marín, L. C., (Eds.), Perspectivas en Ciencias Jurídicas y Políticas sobre la participación ciudadana, paz, bienestar y felicidad social siglo XXI (pp. 190-210). Barranquilla, Colombia: Educosta SAS.
Bartolini, S., Mikucka, M., & Sarracino, F. (2017). Money, Trust and Happiness in Transition Countries: Evidence from Time Series. Social Indicators Research, 130(1), 87-106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-015-1130-3
Bolifa, F., Cuesta Valiño, P., Núñez-Barriopedro, E., & Penelas Leguía, A. (2018). Los adolescentes musulmanes frente a las oportunidades y las amenazas de la red. Revista Internacional de Investigación en Comunicación aDResearch ESIC, 18(18), 60-79. https://doi.org/10.7263/adresic-018-04
Boudon, R. (2002). Declin de la morale? Declin des valeurs?. Quebec, Canadá: Editions Nota Bene. https://doi.org/10.7202/007464ar
Campillo Álvarez, J. E. (2007). El mono obeso: la evolución humana y las enfermedades de la opulencia: diabetes, hipertensión, arteriosclerosis. Barcelona, España: Crítica.
Consejo Superior de Deportes. (2019). Deporte de Alto Nivel y Alto Rendimiento, 01 de mayo de 2019, Recuperado de https://bit.ly/30rtnzM [Fecha de consulta: 01 de mayo de 2019].
Cuesta Valiño, P., Gutiérrez Rodríguez, P., & Núñez?Barriopedro, E. (2019). The impact of corporate social responsibility on customer loyalty in hypermarkets?: A new socially responsible strategy. Corporate Social Responsability and Environmental Management, 26(4), pp. 761-769. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1718
Dagger, T. S., & Sweeney, J. C. (2006). The Effect of Service Evaluations on Behavioral Intentions and Quality of Life. Journal of Service Research, 9(1), 3-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670506289528
Demir, M., & Urberg, K. A. (2004). Friendship and Adjustment among Adolescents. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 88(1), 68-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2004.02.006
Demir, M., & Weitekamp, L. A. (2007). I am so happy cause today I found my friend: friendship and personality as predictors of happiness. Journal of Happiness Studies, 8(2), 181-211. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-006-9012-7
Easterlin, R. A. (2001). Income and Happiness: Towards a Unified Theory. The Economic Journal, 111(473), 465-484. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00646
Eaton J., Gwinner K., Larson B., & Swanson S. (2015) The Role of Spectators’ Attitudes Toward Commercialization on the Effectiveness of Corporate Sponsorhip of Sporting Events. En Moore, M., Moore, R. (Eds.), New Meanings for Marketing in a New Millennium. Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science (pp 263-263). California, Estados Unidos: Springer Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11927-4_87
Gallarza, M. G., Arteaga, F., Del Chiappa, G., Gil-Saura, I., & Holbrook, M. B. (2017). A multidimensional service-value scale based on Holbrook’s typology of customer value: bridging the gap between the concept and its measurement. Journal of Service Management, 28(4), 724-762. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-06-2016-0166
Gilbert, D. T. (2005). Stumbling Happiness. New York, Estados Unidos: Vintage Books.
Gong, T., & Yi, Y. (2018). The effect of service quality on customer satisfaction, loyalty, and happiness in five Asian countries. Psychology & Marketing, 35(6), 427-442. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21096
Haller, M. A. X., & Hadler, M. (2006). How social relations and structures can produce happiness and unhappiness: an international comparative analysis. Social Indicators Research, 75(2), 169-216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-004-6297-y
Hallmann, K., Breuer, C., & Ku, B. (2013). Happiness, pride and elite sporting success: What population segments gain most from national athletic achievements? Sport Management Review, 16(2), 226-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2012.07.001
Hennig-Thurau, T., Gwinner, K. P., & Gremler, D. D. (2002). Understanding relationship marketing outcomes: An integration of relational benefits and relationship quality. Journal of Service Research, 4(3), 230-247. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1094670502004003006
Hennig-Thurau, T., Langer, M. F., & Hansen, U. (2001). Modeling and managing student loyalty: An approach based on the concept of relationship quality. Journal of Service Research, 3(4), 331-344. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F109467050134006
Huang, H., & Humphreys, B. R. (2012). Sports participation and happiness: Evidence from US microdata. Journal of Economic Psychology, 33(4), 776-793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2012.02.007
Hur, Y., Ko, Y. J., & Valacich, J. (2011). A Structural Model of the Relationships Between Sport Website Quality, E-Satisfaction, and E-Loyalty. Journal of Sport Management, 25(5), 458-473. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.25.5.458
Jang, W., Ko, Y. J., Wann, D. L., & Kim, D. (2017). Does Spectatorship Increase Happiness? The Energy Perspective. Journal of Sport Management, 31(4), 333-344. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2016-0113
Javalgi, R. R. G., & Moberg, C. R. (1997). Service loyalty: implications for service providers. Journal of Services Marketing,11(3), 165-179. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876049710168663
Johnson, D., & Grayson, K. (2005). Cognitive and affective trust in service relationships. Journal of Business Research, 58(4), 500-507. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(03)00140-1
Khan, S., & Hussain, M. (2013). Determinants of Consumer Happiness and Its Role in Customer Loyalty. International Review of Management and Business Research, 2(1), 11-19. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2269677
Nelson, S. K., Della Porta, M. D., Jacobs Bao, K., Lee, H. C., Choi, I., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2015). ‘It’s up to you’: Experimentally manipulated autonomy support for prosocial behavior improves well-being in two cultures over six weeks. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 10(5), 463-476. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2014.983959
Nicolao, L., Irwin, J. R., & Goodman, J. K. (2009). Happiness for sale: Do experiential purchases make consumers happier than material purchases? Journal of Consumer Research, 36(2), 188-198. https://doi.org/10.1086/597049
Núñez-Barriopedro, E., Ruiz-López, J., & Ravina Ripoll, R. (2018). La creatividad en el sector turístico americano y europeo: Caso Croacia. Retos: Revista de Ciencias de la Administración y Economía, 8(15), 83-99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17163/ret.n15.2018.06
Núñez-Barriopedro, E., Ravina Ripoll, R. & Tobar Pesántez, L.B. (2019). La creatividad: un capital intangible como generador de calidad competitiva en el sector publicitario español. Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal, 23(2).
Ravina-Ripoll, R., Núñez-Barriopedro, E., Galiano-Coronil, A., & Tobar-Pesántez, L. B. (2019). Towards a happy, creative and social higher education institution: the case of non-profit marketing and business creation subjects at the University of Cadiz. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 22(1).
Romero-Rodriguez, L.M. & Castillo-Abdul, B (2019). Comunicación para la motivación. Claves de la asertividad y del trabajo en equipo en las organizaciones. En Ravina Ripoll, R., Tobar Pesántez, L.B., y Núñez Barriopedro, E. (Eds.) Happiness management and creativity in the XXI century: Intangible capitals as a source of innovation, competitiveness and sustainable development (pp. 41-54) Granada: España: Comares.
Sato, M., Jordan, J. S., & Funk, D. C. (2014). The role of physically active leisure for enhancing quality of life. Leisure Sciences, 36(3), 293-313. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2014.886912
Seligman, M. E., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2014). Positive psychology: An introduction. In Flow and the foundations of positive psychology (pp. 279-298). Dordrecht, Países Bajos: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9088-8
Smith, A., & Stewart, B. (2010). The special features of sport: A critical revisit. Sport ManagementReview, 13(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2009.07.002
Sweeney, J. C., Danaher, T. S., & Mccoll-kennedy, J. R. (2015). Customer Effort in Value Cocreation Activities: Improving Quality of Life and Behavioral Intentions of Health Care Customers. Journal of Service Research, 18(3), 318-335. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670515572128
Theodorakis, N. D., Kaplanidou, K. (KIKI), & Karabaxoglou, I. (2015). Effect of Event Service Quality and Satisfaction on Happiness Among Runners of a Recurring Sport Event. Leisure Sciences, 37(1), 87-107. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2014.938846
Tokuda, Y., Fujii, S., & Inoguchi, T. (2010). Individual and Country-Level Effects of Social Trust on Happiness: The Asia Barometer Survey. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 40(10), 2574-2593. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2305-7_8
Wemmer, F., & Koenigstorfer, J. (2016). Open Innovation in Nonprofit Sports Clubs. International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 27(4), 1923-1949. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-015-9571-5
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sep 24, 2019
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