Comparación entre Pluviómetros Cuantifica Deficiencias en el Monitoreo de la Precipitación
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Palabras Clave
pluviómetros de balancín, análisis comparativo, exactitud de medición, efectos de intensidad y viento, tropical Pluviômetros de balancim, análise comparativa, precisão de medição, efeitos de intensidade e vento, tropical Tipping-bucket rain gauge, comparative analysis, measurement accuracy, intensity and wind effect, tropical
Citas
Buytaert, W. et al. (2006) ‘Spatial and temporal rainfall variability in mountainous areas: A case study from the south Ecuadorian Andes’, Journal of Hydrology, 329(3–4), pp. 413–421. doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.02.031.
Buytaert, W. and Beven, K. (2011) ‘Models as multiple working hypotheses: hydrological simulation of tropical alpine wetlands’, Hydrological Processes, 25(11), pp. 1784–1799. doi: 10.1002/hyp.7936.
Buytaert, W., Célleri, R. and Bièvre, B. De (2006) ‘Human impact on the hydrology of the Andean páramos’, Earth-Science Reviews, 79(1–2), pp. 53–72. doi: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2006.06.002.
Célleri, R. and Feyen, J. (2009) ‘The hydrology of tropical Andean ecosystems: importance, knowledge status, and perspectives’, Mountain Research and Development, 29(4), pp. 350–355. Available at: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1659/mrd.00007 (Accessed: 11 February 2014).
Chen, H. and Chandrasekar, V. (2015) ‘Estimation of Light Rainfall Using Ku-Band Dual-Polarization Radar’, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 53(9), pp. 5197–5208. doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2015.2419212.
Ciach, G. J. (2003) ‘Local random errors in tipping-bucket rain gauge measurements.’, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 20, pp. 752–759.
Córdova, M. et al. (2015) ‘Evaluation of the Penman-Monteith (FAO 56 PM) Method for Calculating Reference Evapotranspiration Using Limited Data. Application to the Wet Páramo of Southern Ecuador’, Mountain Research and Development, 35(3), pp. 230–239.
Crespo, P. et al. (2012) ‘Development of a conceptual model of the hydrologic response of tropical Andean micro-catchments in Southern Ecuador’, Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions, 9(2), pp. 2475–2510. doi: 10.5194/hessd-9-2475-2012.
Dai, Q. et al. (2015) ‘Probabilistic radar rainfall nowcasts using empirical and theoretical uncertainty models’, Hydrological Processes, 29(1), pp. 66–79. doi: 10.1002/hyp.10133.
Draxl, C. and Mayr, G. (2009) ‘Meteorological wind energy potential of the Alps using ERA40 and wind measurements of the Tyrolean Alps’, in European Wind Energy Conference & Exhibition. Marseille, France, p. 6 pp.
Duchon, C. E. and Biddle, C. J. (2010) ‘Undercatch of tipping-bucket gauges in high rain rate events.’, Advances in Geosciences, 25, pp. 11–15.
Duchon, C. E. and Essenberg, G. R. (2001) ‘Comparative rainfall observations from pit and aboveground rain gauges with and without wind shields’, Water Resources Research, 37(12), pp. 3253–3263. doi: 10.1029/2001WR000541.
Grimaldi, S. et al. (2015) ‘Description and preliminary results of a 100 square meter rain gauge’, Journal of Hydrology. doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.09.076.
Habib, E., Krajewski, W. F. and Kruger, A. (2001) ‘Sampling errors of tipping-bucket rain gauge measurements’, Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 6(2)(March/April), pp. 159–166.
Humphrey, M. D. et al. (1997) ‘A new method for automated dynamic calibration of tipping-bucket rain gauges.’, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 14, pp. 1513–1519.
Keller, V. D. J. et al. (2015) ‘CEH-GEAR: 1 Km resolution daily and monthly areal rainfall estimates for the UK for hydrological and other applications’, Earth System Science Data, 7(1), pp. 143–155. doi: 10.5194/essd-7-143-2015.
Krajewski, W. F. et al. (2006) ‘DEVEX-disdrometer evaluation experiment: Basic results and implications for hydrologic studies’, Advances in Water Resources, 29(2), pp. 311–325. doi: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2005.03.018.
Krajewski, W., Kruger, a and Nespor, V. (1998) ‘Experimental and numerical studies of small-scale rainfall measurements and variability’, Water Science and Technology, 37(11), pp. 131–138. doi: 10.1016/S0273-1223(98)00325-4.
Lanza, L. and Stagi, L. (2008) ‘Certified accuracy of rainfall data as a standard requirement in scientific investigations.’, Advances in Geosciences, 16, pp. 43–48.
Lanzinger, E., Theel, M. and Windolph, H. (2006) ‘Rainfall amount and intensity measured by the Thies laser precipitation monitor’, in TECO. Geneva, Switzerland, p. 9 pp.
Mekonnen, G. B. et al. (2014) ‘Adjustment to rainfall measurement undercatch with a tipping-bucket rain gauge using ground-level manual gauges’, Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, pp. 241–256. doi: 10.1007/s00703-014-0355-z.
Molini, A., Lanza, L. G. and La Barbera, P. (2005) ‘Improving the accuracy of tipping-bucket rain records using disaggregation techniques’, Atmospheric Research, 77(1–4), pp. 203–217. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2004.12.013.
Muñoz, P. et al. (2018) ‘Flash-Flood Forecasting in an Andean Mountain Catchment — Development of a Step-Wise Methodology Based on the Random Forest Algorithm’, Water, 10(11). doi: 10.3390/w10111519.
Muñoz, P., Célleri, R. and Feyen, J. (2016) ‘Effect of the Resolution of Tipping-Bucket Rain Gauge and Calculation Method on Rainfall Intensities in an Andean Mountain Gradient’, Water, 8(11). doi: 10.3390/w8110534.
Nešpor, V. and Sevruk, B. (1999) ‘Estimation of Wind-Induced Error of Rainfall Gauge Measurements Using a Numerical Simulation’, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 16(4), pp. 450–464. doi: 10.1175/1520-0426(1999)016<0450:EOWIEO>2.0.CO;2.
Nystuen, J. A. (1999) ‘Relative Performance of Automatic Rain Gauges under Different Rainfall Conditions’, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 16(8), pp. 1025–1043. doi: 10.1175/1520-0426(1999)016<1025:RPOARG>2.0.CO;2.
Ochoa-Tocachi, B. F. et al. (2016) ‘Impacts of land use on the hydrological response of tropical Andean catchments’, Hydrological Processes, 30(22), pp. 4074–4089. doi: 10.1002/hyp.10980.
Padrón, R. S. et al. (2015) ‘Rainfall in the Andean Páramo: New Insights from High-Resolution Monitoring in Southern Ecuador’, Journal of Hydrometeorology, 16, pp. 985–996. doi: 10.1175/JHM-D-14-0135.1.
Rollenbeck, R. et al. (2007) ‘Comparison of Different Techniques for the Measurement of Precipitation in Tropical Montane Rain Forest Regions’, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 24(2), pp. 156–168. doi: 10.1175/JTECH1970.1.
Savina, M. et al. (2012) ‘Comparison of a tipping-bucket and electronic weighing precipitation gage for snowfall’, Atmospheric Research. Elsevier B.V., 103, pp. 45–51. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2011.06.010.
Seo, B.-C. et al. (2015) ‘Comparison of Single- and Dual-Polarization–Based Rainfall Estimates Using NEXRAD Data for the NASA Iowa Flood Studies Project’, Journal of Hydrometeorology, 16(4), pp. 1658–1675. doi: 10.1175/JHM-D-14-0169.1.
Sevruk, B. and Hamon, W. R. (1984) International comparison of national precipitation gauges with a reference pit gauge. Instruments and Observing Methods Report No. 17. Geneva, Switzerland.
Sevruk, B., Ondrás, M. and Chvíla, B. (2009) ‘The WMO precipitation measurement intercomparisons’, Atmospheric Research. Elsevier B.V., 92(3), pp. 376–380. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.01.016.
Sucozhañay, A. and Célleri, R. (2018) ‘Impact of Rain Gauges Distribution on the Runoff Simulation of a Small Mountain Catchment in Southern Ecuador’, Water, 10(9), p. 1169. doi: 10.3390/w10091169.
Tokay, A. et al. (2003) ‘Rain gauge and disdrometer measurements during the Keys Area Microphysics Project (KAMP).’, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 20, pp. 1460–1477.
Tokay, A., Bashor, P. G. and McDowell, V. L. (2010) ‘Comparison of Rain Gauge Measurements in the Mid-Atlantic Region’, Journal of Hydrometeorology, 11(2), pp. 553–565. doi: 10.1175/2009JHM1137.1.
Vacher, J., Imana, E. and Canqui, E. (1994) ‘Las caracteristicas radiativas y la evapotranspiracion potencial en el Altiplano boliviano’, Revista de Agricultura, (1), pp. 4–12.
Vasvári, V. (2005) ‘Calibration of tipping bucket rain gauges in the Graz urban research area’, Atmospheric research, 77(1–4), pp. 18–28. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2004.12.012.
Vuerich, E. et al. (2009) WMO Field Intercomparison of rainfall intensity gauges. Instruments and Observing Methods Report No. 99, WMO Instuments and Observing Methods Report No. 99. Geneva, Switzerland: WMO/TD-No. 1504.
Wang, J., Fisher, B. L. and Wolff, D. B. (2008) ‘Estimating Rain Rates from Tipping-Bucket Rain Gauge Measurements’, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 25(1), pp. 43–56. doi: 10.1175/2007JTECHA895.1.
Willems, P. (2001) ‘Stochastic description of the rainfall input errors in lumped hydrological models’, Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 15(2), pp. 132–152. doi: 10.1007/s004770000063.
WMO (2008) Guide of Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation. Geneva, Switzerland: WMO-No. 8. doi: Guide to meteorological instrument and observing practices.