Primer Informe de Bacterias Endofíticas Aisladas de Senecio glaucus L., Egipto
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Los microorganismos están naturalmente asociados con las plantas. El presente experimento se llevó a cabo para aislar bacterias endófitas de las células internas de raíces, tallos, hojas y Tejido capitulear de Senecio glaucus recolectadas en 2 hábitats diversos (costeros y desérticos) de Egipto. Del aislamiento se obtuvieron un total de 10 bacterias endófitas; la mayor diversidad de endófitos bacterianos se observó en raíces y hojas de muestras del desierto. Los aislamientos se reconocieron con base en la morfología, la bioquímica y los genes de la secuencia del ARNr 16S. Todos estos aislados indican la capacidad de producir enzimas como amilasa, celulasa, lipasa, catalasa y proteasa en sus descripciones bioquímicas; los análisis también mostraron una indicación significativa de su potencial para producir hormonas de crecimiento vegetal; como su capacidad para disolver el fosfato. En el mundo y en Egipto, somos los primeros en reportar endófitos bacterianos aislados de Senecio glaucus. Este estudio podría ayudar a determinar el papel de las bacterias endófitas en hábitats severos, así como sus posibles aplicaciones en medicina, biorremediación, agricultura e industria.
Palabras Clave
Endófitos bacterianos, Bioquímica , 16S rRNA, Senecio , Asteraceae Bacterial endophytes, Biochemical, 16S rRNA, Senecio, Asteraceae
Citas
Alavi, P. y col. (2013). «Root-microbe systems: the effect and mode of interaction of stress protecting agent (SPA) Stenotrophomonas rhizophila DSM14405T». En: Frontiers in Plant Science 4, 141. Online: https://bit.ly/3lobBfA.
Aneja, M. y col. (2006). «Microbial colonization of beech and spruce litter—influence of decomposition site and plant litter species on the diversity of microbial community». En: Microbial Ecology 52, 127-135. Online: https://bit.ly/3YqGLBz.
Bacon, C. y D. Hinton (2002). «Endophytic and biological control potential of Bacillus mojavensis and related species». En: Biological Control 23.3, 274-284. Online: https://bit.ly/3YLUaEh.
Bacon, C. y D. Hinton (2007). «Plant-associated bacteria». En: Springer Dordrecht. Cap. Bacterial endophytes: the endophytic niche, its occupants, and its utility, 155-194. Online: https://bit.ly/414QjUo.
Cappuccino, J. y N. Sherman (1992). Microbiology: A Laboratory Manual. 3.a ed. Benjamin/Cummings Pub, págs. 125-179.
Chabot, R., H. Antoun y M. Cescas (1996). «Growth promotion of maize and lettuce by phosphatesolubilizing Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar. phaseoli». En: Plant and Soil 184, 311-321. Online: https://bit.ly/3UwY9DK .
Chaturvedi, H., V. Singh y G. Gupta (2016). «Potential of bacterial endophytes as plant growth promoting factors». En: J Plant Pathol Microbiol 7.9, 1-6. Online: https://bit.ly/3UwYrdO.
Chebotar, V. y col. (2015). «Endophytic Bacteria in Microbial Drugs that Improve Plant Development (Review)». En: Prikladnaia Biokhimiia i Mikrobiologiia 51.3, 283-289. Online: https://bit.ly/3YOCojC.
Cheng, D. y col. (2019). «Diversity analysis of the rhizospheric and endophytic bacterial communities of Senecio vulgaris L. (Asteraceae) in an invasive range». En: PeerJ 6, e6162. Online: https://bit.ly/3YtFaLy.
Clay, K. y C. Schardl (2002). «Evolutionary origins and ecological consequences of endophyte symbiosis with grasses». En: The American Naturalist 160.S4, S99-S127. Online: https://bit.ly/3I0qbl0.
Ding, T. y U. Melcher (2016). «Influences of plant species, season and location on leaf endophytic bacterial communities of non-cultivated plants». En: PloS One 11.3, e0150895. Online: https://bit.ly/3K56zyR.
Dudeja, S. S. y R. Giri (2014). «Beneficial properties, colonization, establishment and molecular diversity of endophytic bacteria in legumes and non legumes». En: African Journal of Microbiology Research 8.15, 1562-1572. Online: https://bit.ly/3IkTzDY.
Eissa, T. y col. (2014). «Ethnopharmacological study of medicinal plants used in the treatment of CNS disorders in Sinai Peninsula, Egypt». En: Journal of Ethnopharmacology 151.1, 317-332. Online: https://bit.ly/3jRLWM7.
El-Amier, Y., A. Abdelghany y A. Abed Zaid (2014). «Green synthesis and antimicrobial activity of Senecio glaucus-Mediated silver nanoparticles». En: Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences 5.5, 631-642. Online: https://bit.ly/41oQHwM.
Elbeltagy, A. y col. (2000). «Isolation and characterization of endophytic bacteria from wild and traditionally cultivated rice varieties». En: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 46.3, 617-629. Online: https://bit.ly/3K4ua2D.
Frommel, M., J. Nowak y G. Lazarovits (1993). «Treatment of potato tubers with a growth promoting Pseudomonas sp.: plant growth responses and bacterium distribution in the rhizosphere». En: Plant and Soil 150, 51-60. Online: https://bit.ly/3Xs4yzZ.
Gamel, R. y col. (2017). «Priming tomato cultivars in b-sitosterol or gibberellic acid improves tolerance for temperature stress. » En: International Journal of Botany 13.1, 1-14. Online: https://bit.ly/3YtKbUo.
Gaspard, P. y S. Rice (1989). «Semiclassical quantization of the scattering from a classically chaotic repellor». En: The Journal of Chemical Physics 90.4, 2242-2254. Online: https://bit.ly/3lzH5zG.
Geris dos Santos, R. y col. (2003). «Endophytic fungi from Melia azedarach». En: World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 19, 767-770. Online: https://bit.ly/3Yzmvhy.
Hallmann, J. y col. (1997). «Bacterial endophytes in agricultural crops». En: Canadian Journal of Microbiology 43.10, 895-914. Online: https://bit.ly/3K4cPXV.
Hurek, T. y col. (1994). «Root colonization and systemic spreading of Azoarcus sp. strain BH72 in grasses». En: Journal of Bacteriology 176.7, 1913-1923. Online: https://bit.ly/3YkiYU1.
Jacobs, M., W. Bugbee y D. Gabrielson (1985). «Enumeration, location, and characterization of endophytic bacteria within sugar beet roots». En: Canadian Journal of Botany 63.7, 1262-1265. Online: https://bit.ly/3K1lp9B.
Jia, M. y col. (2016). «A friendly relationship between endophytic fungi and medicinal plants: a systematic review». En: Frontiers in Microbiology 7, 906. Online: https://bit.ly/3jRQYbt.
Joshi, N., G. Sah y D. Mishra (2013). «GC-MS analysis and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Senecio pedunculatus». En: IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry 6.3, 49-51. Online: https://bit.ly/3od3wf5.
Kahriman, N. y col. (2011). «Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils from the flower, leaf, and stem of Senecio pandurifolius ». En: Records of Natural Products 5.2, 82-91. Online: https://bit.ly/3K5rq5h.
Kobayashi, D. y J. Palumbo (2000). «Microbial Endophytes». En: 1.a ed. CRC Press. Cap. Bacterial endophytes and their effects on plants and uses in agriculture, 213-250. Online: https://bit.ly/3GGav6G.
Koo, H. y col. (2016). «Draft genome sequence of Janthinobacterium sp. Ant5-2-1, isolated from proglacial lake Podprudnoye in the Schirmacher Oasis of East Antarctica». En: Genome Announcements 4.1, e01600-15. Online: https://bit.ly/3RXVhhL.
Lodewyckx, C. y col. (2002). «Endophytic bacteria and their potential applications». En: Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 21.6, 583-606. Online: https://bit.ly/3K4h4mj.
McInroy, J. y J. Kloepper (1995). «Survey of indigenous bacterial endophytes from cotton and sweet corn». En: Plant and Soil 173, 337-342. Online: https://bit.ly/3lyTCDt.
Miliute, I. y col. (2015). «Bacterial endophytes in agricultural crops and their role in stress tolerance: a review». En: Zemdirbyste-Agriculture 102.4, 465-478. Online: https://bit.ly/4157PIa.
Mowafy, A. y col. (2021). «Endophytic Bacillus, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella enhance the growth and yield of maize». En: Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B—Soil & Plant Science 71.4, 237-246. Online: https://bit.ly/3xjzZBT.
Müller, H. y col. (2015). «Plant genotype-specific archaeal and bacterial endophytes but similar Bacillus antagonists colonize Mediterranean olive trees». En: Frontiers in Microbiology 6, 138. Online: https://bit.ly/3XmQPug.
Nori-Shargh, D., S. Raftari y F. Deyhimi (2008). «Analysis of the essential oil of Senecio vernalis Waldst. & Kit. from Iran». En: Flavour and Fragrance Journal 23.5, 357-359. Online: https://bit.ly/3HYHHGl.
Partida-Martínez, L. y M. Heil (2011). «The microbefree plant: fact or artifact?» En: Frontiers in Plant Science 2, 100. Online: https://bit.ly/40Qt54H.
Purchase, D., R. Miles y T. Young (1997). «Cadmium uptake and nitrogen fixing ability in heavymetal-resistant laboratory and field strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii». En: FEMS Microbiology Ecology 22.1, 85-93. Online: https://bit.ly/3RUkolQ.
Rajan, A. (2012). «Microbial Endophytes of crop plants and their role in plant growth promotion». Tesis doct. University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore. Online: https://bit.ly/3MB2cwU.
Redman, R. y col. (2002). «Thermotolerance generated by plant/fungal symbiosis». En: Science 298.5598, 1581-1581. Online: https://bit.ly/3Yr6bz3.
Reinhold-Hurek, B. y T. Hurek (1998). «Life in grasses: diazotrophic endophytes». En: Trends in Microbiology 6.4, 139-144. Online: https://bit.ly/40NdJOt.
Reinhold-Hurek, B. y col. (2015). «Roots shaping their microbiome: global hotspots for microbial activity». En: Annual Review of Phytopathology 53, 403-424. Online: https://bit.ly/3lBKMVh.
Rosenblueth, M. y E. Martínez-Romero (2006). «Bacterial endophytes and their interactions with hosts». En: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 19.8, 827-837. Online: https://bit.ly/40PZFDM.
Santoyo, G. y col. (2016). «Plant growth-promoting bacterial endophytes». En: Microbiological Research 183, 92-99. Online: https://bit.ly/40Rkj6s.
Schulz, B. y C. Boyle (2005). «The endophytic continuum ». En: Mycological Research 109.6, 661-686. Online: https://bit.ly/3K1F899.
Singh, D., C. Satish y D. Manisha (2017). «Chemical and potential biological perspectives of genus Senecio [Asteraceae]». En: Eur J Pharm Med Res 4.11, 200-222. Online: https://bit.ly/3K92uK6.
Singh, M. y col. (2017). «Endophytic bacteria: a new source of bioactive compounds». En: 3 Biotech 7.315, 1-14. Online: https://bit.ly/3xlzGXm.
Singh, N. y col. (2016). «Brevundimonas diminuta mediated alleviation of arsenic toxicity and plant growth promotion in Oryza sativa L.» En: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 125, 25-34. Online: https://bit.ly/3RY6dfx.
Stackebrandt, E. (2006). «Taxonomic parameters revisited: tarnished gold standards». En: Microbiol. Today 33, 152-155. Online: https://bit.ly/3YyEioT.
Stoltzfus, J. y col. (1997). «Isolation of endophytic bacteria from rice and assessment of their potential for supplying rice with biologically fixed nitrogen». En: Plant and soil 194, 25-36. Online: https://bit.ly/3IvoNIZ.
Sturz, AV (1995). «The role of endophytic bacteria during seed piece decay and potato tuberization». En: Plant and Soil 175, 257-263. Online: https://bit.ly/3YuRBql.
Sultan, M., A. Elsayed e Y. El-Amir (2022). «In vitro effect of plant parts extract of Senecio glaucus L. On pathogenic bacteria». En: Biointerface Res. Appl. Chem 12.3, 3800-3810. Online: https://bit.ly/3xhZgMM.
Tundis, R. y col. (2009). «In vitro cytotoxic effects of Senecio stabianus Lacaita (Asteraceae) on human cancer cell lines». En: Natural Product Research 23.18, 1707-1718. Online: https://bit.ly/3E3zzDv.
Vishnivetskaya, T., S. Kathariou y J. Tiedje (2009). «The Exiguobacterium genus: biodiversity and biogeography». En: Extremophiles 13, 541-555. Online: https://bit.ly/3I1q1Kg.
Waller, F. y col. (2005). «The endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica reprograms barley to saltstress tolerance, disease resistance, and higher yield». En: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102.38, 13386-13391. Online: https://bit.ly/3YJbny8.
Zinniel, D. y col. (2002). «Isolation and characterization of endophytic colonizing bacteria from agronomic crops and prairie plants». En: Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68.5, 2198-2208. Online: https://bit.ly/3xh95L0.
Aneja, M. y col. (2006). «Microbial colonization of beech and spruce litter—influence of decomposition site and plant litter species on the diversity of microbial community». En: Microbial Ecology 52, 127-135. Online: https://bit.ly/3YqGLBz.
Bacon, C. y D. Hinton (2002). «Endophytic and biological control potential of Bacillus mojavensis and related species». En: Biological Control 23.3, 274-284. Online: https://bit.ly/3YLUaEh.
Bacon, C. y D. Hinton (2007). «Plant-associated bacteria». En: Springer Dordrecht. Cap. Bacterial endophytes: the endophytic niche, its occupants, and its utility, 155-194. Online: https://bit.ly/414QjUo.
Cappuccino, J. y N. Sherman (1992). Microbiology: A Laboratory Manual. 3.a ed. Benjamin/Cummings Pub, págs. 125-179.
Chabot, R., H. Antoun y M. Cescas (1996). «Growth promotion of maize and lettuce by phosphatesolubilizing Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar. phaseoli». En: Plant and Soil 184, 311-321. Online: https://bit.ly/3UwY9DK .
Chaturvedi, H., V. Singh y G. Gupta (2016). «Potential of bacterial endophytes as plant growth promoting factors». En: J Plant Pathol Microbiol 7.9, 1-6. Online: https://bit.ly/3UwYrdO.
Chebotar, V. y col. (2015). «Endophytic Bacteria in Microbial Drugs that Improve Plant Development (Review)». En: Prikladnaia Biokhimiia i Mikrobiologiia 51.3, 283-289. Online: https://bit.ly/3YOCojC.
Cheng, D. y col. (2019). «Diversity analysis of the rhizospheric and endophytic bacterial communities of Senecio vulgaris L. (Asteraceae) in an invasive range». En: PeerJ 6, e6162. Online: https://bit.ly/3YtFaLy.
Clay, K. y C. Schardl (2002). «Evolutionary origins and ecological consequences of endophyte symbiosis with grasses». En: The American Naturalist 160.S4, S99-S127. Online: https://bit.ly/3I0qbl0.
Ding, T. y U. Melcher (2016). «Influences of plant species, season and location on leaf endophytic bacterial communities of non-cultivated plants». En: PloS One 11.3, e0150895. Online: https://bit.ly/3K56zyR.
Dudeja, S. S. y R. Giri (2014). «Beneficial properties, colonization, establishment and molecular diversity of endophytic bacteria in legumes and non legumes». En: African Journal of Microbiology Research 8.15, 1562-1572. Online: https://bit.ly/3IkTzDY.
Eissa, T. y col. (2014). «Ethnopharmacological study of medicinal plants used in the treatment of CNS disorders in Sinai Peninsula, Egypt». En: Journal of Ethnopharmacology 151.1, 317-332. Online: https://bit.ly/3jRLWM7.
El-Amier, Y., A. Abdelghany y A. Abed Zaid (2014). «Green synthesis and antimicrobial activity of Senecio glaucus-Mediated silver nanoparticles». En: Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences 5.5, 631-642. Online: https://bit.ly/41oQHwM.
Elbeltagy, A. y col. (2000). «Isolation and characterization of endophytic bacteria from wild and traditionally cultivated rice varieties». En: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 46.3, 617-629. Online: https://bit.ly/3K4ua2D.
Frommel, M., J. Nowak y G. Lazarovits (1993). «Treatment of potato tubers with a growth promoting Pseudomonas sp.: plant growth responses and bacterium distribution in the rhizosphere». En: Plant and Soil 150, 51-60. Online: https://bit.ly/3Xs4yzZ.
Gamel, R. y col. (2017). «Priming tomato cultivars in b-sitosterol or gibberellic acid improves tolerance for temperature stress. » En: International Journal of Botany 13.1, 1-14. Online: https://bit.ly/3YtKbUo.
Gaspard, P. y S. Rice (1989). «Semiclassical quantization of the scattering from a classically chaotic repellor». En: The Journal of Chemical Physics 90.4, 2242-2254. Online: https://bit.ly/3lzH5zG.
Geris dos Santos, R. y col. (2003). «Endophytic fungi from Melia azedarach». En: World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 19, 767-770. Online: https://bit.ly/3Yzmvhy.
Hallmann, J. y col. (1997). «Bacterial endophytes in agricultural crops». En: Canadian Journal of Microbiology 43.10, 895-914. Online: https://bit.ly/3K4cPXV.
Hurek, T. y col. (1994). «Root colonization and systemic spreading of Azoarcus sp. strain BH72 in grasses». En: Journal of Bacteriology 176.7, 1913-1923. Online: https://bit.ly/3YkiYU1.
Jacobs, M., W. Bugbee y D. Gabrielson (1985). «Enumeration, location, and characterization of endophytic bacteria within sugar beet roots». En: Canadian Journal of Botany 63.7, 1262-1265. Online: https://bit.ly/3K1lp9B.
Jia, M. y col. (2016). «A friendly relationship between endophytic fungi and medicinal plants: a systematic review». En: Frontiers in Microbiology 7, 906. Online: https://bit.ly/3jRQYbt.
Joshi, N., G. Sah y D. Mishra (2013). «GC-MS analysis and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Senecio pedunculatus». En: IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry 6.3, 49-51. Online: https://bit.ly/3od3wf5.
Kahriman, N. y col. (2011). «Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils from the flower, leaf, and stem of Senecio pandurifolius ». En: Records of Natural Products 5.2, 82-91. Online: https://bit.ly/3K5rq5h.
Kobayashi, D. y J. Palumbo (2000). «Microbial Endophytes». En: 1.a ed. CRC Press. Cap. Bacterial endophytes and their effects on plants and uses in agriculture, 213-250. Online: https://bit.ly/3GGav6G.
Koo, H. y col. (2016). «Draft genome sequence of Janthinobacterium sp. Ant5-2-1, isolated from proglacial lake Podprudnoye in the Schirmacher Oasis of East Antarctica». En: Genome Announcements 4.1, e01600-15. Online: https://bit.ly/3RXVhhL.
Lodewyckx, C. y col. (2002). «Endophytic bacteria and their potential applications». En: Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 21.6, 583-606. Online: https://bit.ly/3K4h4mj.
McInroy, J. y J. Kloepper (1995). «Survey of indigenous bacterial endophytes from cotton and sweet corn». En: Plant and Soil 173, 337-342. Online: https://bit.ly/3lyTCDt.
Miliute, I. y col. (2015). «Bacterial endophytes in agricultural crops and their role in stress tolerance: a review». En: Zemdirbyste-Agriculture 102.4, 465-478. Online: https://bit.ly/4157PIa.
Mowafy, A. y col. (2021). «Endophytic Bacillus, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella enhance the growth and yield of maize». En: Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B—Soil & Plant Science 71.4, 237-246. Online: https://bit.ly/3xjzZBT.
Müller, H. y col. (2015). «Plant genotype-specific archaeal and bacterial endophytes but similar Bacillus antagonists colonize Mediterranean olive trees». En: Frontiers in Microbiology 6, 138. Online: https://bit.ly/3XmQPug.
Nori-Shargh, D., S. Raftari y F. Deyhimi (2008). «Analysis of the essential oil of Senecio vernalis Waldst. & Kit. from Iran». En: Flavour and Fragrance Journal 23.5, 357-359. Online: https://bit.ly/3HYHHGl.
Partida-Martínez, L. y M. Heil (2011). «The microbefree plant: fact or artifact?» En: Frontiers in Plant Science 2, 100. Online: https://bit.ly/40Qt54H.
Purchase, D., R. Miles y T. Young (1997). «Cadmium uptake and nitrogen fixing ability in heavymetal-resistant laboratory and field strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii». En: FEMS Microbiology Ecology 22.1, 85-93. Online: https://bit.ly/3RUkolQ.
Rajan, A. (2012). «Microbial Endophytes of crop plants and their role in plant growth promotion». Tesis doct. University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore. Online: https://bit.ly/3MB2cwU.
Redman, R. y col. (2002). «Thermotolerance generated by plant/fungal symbiosis». En: Science 298.5598, 1581-1581. Online: https://bit.ly/3Yr6bz3.
Reinhold-Hurek, B. y T. Hurek (1998). «Life in grasses: diazotrophic endophytes». En: Trends in Microbiology 6.4, 139-144. Online: https://bit.ly/40NdJOt.
Reinhold-Hurek, B. y col. (2015). «Roots shaping their microbiome: global hotspots for microbial activity». En: Annual Review of Phytopathology 53, 403-424. Online: https://bit.ly/3lBKMVh.
Rosenblueth, M. y E. Martínez-Romero (2006). «Bacterial endophytes and their interactions with hosts». En: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 19.8, 827-837. Online: https://bit.ly/40PZFDM.
Santoyo, G. y col. (2016). «Plant growth-promoting bacterial endophytes». En: Microbiological Research 183, 92-99. Online: https://bit.ly/40Rkj6s.
Schulz, B. y C. Boyle (2005). «The endophytic continuum ». En: Mycological Research 109.6, 661-686. Online: https://bit.ly/3K1F899.
Singh, D., C. Satish y D. Manisha (2017). «Chemical and potential biological perspectives of genus Senecio [Asteraceae]». En: Eur J Pharm Med Res 4.11, 200-222. Online: https://bit.ly/3K92uK6.
Singh, M. y col. (2017). «Endophytic bacteria: a new source of bioactive compounds». En: 3 Biotech 7.315, 1-14. Online: https://bit.ly/3xlzGXm.
Singh, N. y col. (2016). «Brevundimonas diminuta mediated alleviation of arsenic toxicity and plant growth promotion in Oryza sativa L.» En: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 125, 25-34. Online: https://bit.ly/3RY6dfx.
Stackebrandt, E. (2006). «Taxonomic parameters revisited: tarnished gold standards». En: Microbiol. Today 33, 152-155. Online: https://bit.ly/3YyEioT.
Stoltzfus, J. y col. (1997). «Isolation of endophytic bacteria from rice and assessment of their potential for supplying rice with biologically fixed nitrogen». En: Plant and soil 194, 25-36. Online: https://bit.ly/3IvoNIZ.
Sturz, AV (1995). «The role of endophytic bacteria during seed piece decay and potato tuberization». En: Plant and Soil 175, 257-263. Online: https://bit.ly/3YuRBql.
Sultan, M., A. Elsayed e Y. El-Amir (2022). «In vitro effect of plant parts extract of Senecio glaucus L. On pathogenic bacteria». En: Biointerface Res. Appl. Chem 12.3, 3800-3810. Online: https://bit.ly/3xhZgMM.
Tundis, R. y col. (2009). «In vitro cytotoxic effects of Senecio stabianus Lacaita (Asteraceae) on human cancer cell lines». En: Natural Product Research 23.18, 1707-1718. Online: https://bit.ly/3E3zzDv.
Vishnivetskaya, T., S. Kathariou y J. Tiedje (2009). «The Exiguobacterium genus: biodiversity and biogeography». En: Extremophiles 13, 541-555. Online: https://bit.ly/3I1q1Kg.
Waller, F. y col. (2005). «The endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica reprograms barley to saltstress tolerance, disease resistance, and higher yield». En: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102.38, 13386-13391. Online: https://bit.ly/3YJbny8.
Zinniel, D. y col. (2002). «Isolation and characterization of endophytic colonizing bacteria from agronomic crops and prairie plants». En: Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68.5, 2198-2208. Online: https://bit.ly/3xh95L0.
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sep 1, 2023
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