Las Gentianaceae: botánica, toquímica y actividad biológica
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Este artículo es una revisión actualizada sobre los metabolitos secundarios de la familia de las Gentianaceae. Estas plantas se emplean en la medicina tradicional de numerosos países y presentan actividad biológica interesante. Después de haber detallado botánicamente esta familia de plantas, que ha sido y que sigue siendo muy estudiada, se recogen los estudios toquímicos sobre numerosas especies. Los metabolitos característicos son los xantonas, una clase de compuestos no muy difundidos en el mundo vegetal. Son característicos también derivados de los seco-iridoides, y algunos alcaloides.
Palabras Clave
Gentianaceae, actividad biológica, xantonas, secoiridoides, alcaloides
Citas
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Benn M. H., N. I. Joyce, S. D. Lorimer, N. B. Perry, J. W. van Klink y Q.Wu. 2009. Xanthones and bisxanthones in ve New Zealand and subantartic Gentianella species, Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 37, 531-534.
Brahmachari G., S. Mondal, A. Gangopadhyay, D. Gorai, B. Mukhopadhyay, S. Saha y A. K.Brahmachari. 2004. Swertia (Gentianaceae): Chemical and Pharmacological Aspects Chemistry and Biodiversity, 1, 1627-1651 e riferimenti bibliogra ci ivi citati.
Carbonnier J., M. Massias. y D. Molho. 1977. Bull. Mus. Natl.Hist. Nat., 504, 23-40.
Chericoni S., L.Testai,V. Calderone, G. Flamini, P. Nieri, I. Morelli y E. Martinotti. 2003 The Xanthones Gentiacaulein and Gentiakochianin are Responsible for the Dilatator Action of the roots of Gentiana kochiana, Planta Medica, 69,770-772.
Daniel M. y S. D. Sabnis. 1978, Chemical systematics of family Gentianaceae Current Science 47, 109-111.
Funghi e ori in Italia (pubblicato 26 ottobre 2004) http://www.funghiitaliani.it/index. php?showtopic=14093.
Ho Ting-nung; S-w. Liu y C-j. Wu, 1988, Gentianaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 62: 1-411.
Joshi P. y V. Dhawan. 2005. Swertia chirayta – an overview, Current Science, 89, 635-640.
Matsushima T. ,A.Araki , O.Yagame, M. Muramatsu, K. Koyama, K. Ohsawa ,S. Natori 2 y H. Tomimori. 1985 Mutagenicities of xanthone derivatives in Salmonella typhimurium TA100, TA98,TA97, and TA2637, Mutation Research, 150, 141-146.
Medicamentos Herbarios Traditionalea (MTH) pp. 1-227 http://www.pro tocoop.com.ar/contenido.asp?id_contenido=446.
Morimoto I.,T. Nozaka, F.Watanabe, M. Ishino,Y. Hirose y T. Okitsu. 1983. Mutagenic activities of gentisin and isogentisin from Gentianae radix (Gentianaceae), Mutat. Res., 116, 103-117.
Niiho YT. Yamazaki, Y. Nakajima, T. Yamamoto, H. Ando, Y. Hirai, K. Toriizuka, Y. Ida 2006. Gastro protective effects of bitter principles isolated from Gentian root and Swertia herb on experimentally induced gastric lesions in rats, Journal of Natural Medicines,
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Omeosalus srl, 2004. Medicalia, 91, 1.
Pant N., D. C. Jain y R. S. Bhakuni. 2000. Phytochemicals from genus Swertia and their biological activities, Indian Journal of Chemistry, 39B, 565-586.
Peres V., T. J. Nagem, F. F. Oliveira y T. T. Oliveira. 2002
The chemosystematic signi cance of xanthones in Gentianaceae, Current Topics in Phytochemistry, 5, 23-38
Randrianarivelojosia M.,A. Langloisb y D.A. Mulholland. 2006. Investigations of the Malagasy species Tachiadenus longi orus Grisebach (Gentianaceae): Linking chemical nding and traditional usage, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 105, 456-458
Rios M., Koziol M. J., Pedersen H. B., y Granda G. (Eds), 2007 Plantas Utiles del Ecuador: Applicaciones, Retos y Pespectivas. Ediciones AbyaYala, Quito Ecuador pagines 652
Saxena A. M. y S. K. Mukherjee. 1992. Mechanism of blood lowering action of Swertia chirayita: effect of impure swerchrin (SWI) on insulin release from isolated beta cells of the pancreas. J. Microb. Biotechnol., 7, 27-29
Saxena A. M., M. B Bajpai, P. S Murthy.y S. K. Mukherjee 1993. Mechanism of blood sugar lowering by a swerchirin-containing hexane fraction (SWI) of Swertia chirayita. Indian J. Exptl. Biol., 31, 178-181
Singh A. 2008. Phytochemicals of Gentianaceae: a Review of Pharmacological Properties, International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology, 1, 33-36 e riferimenti bibliogra ci ivi citati.
Struwe L.eV.A.Albert (Editor).2002.Gentianaceae: Systematics and Natural History, Cambridge University Press, 662 pp.
Wang J-N., C-Y. Hou, Y-L Liu, L-Z. Lin, R. R. Gil, G. A. Cordell, 1994. Swertifrancheside, an HIVreverse transcriptase Inhibitor and the rst Flacone-Xanthon Dimer from Swertia franchetiana, Journal of natural Products, 57, 211-217
Zhang X-F., 1999. Xanthone glycosides in Gentianceae of Qinghai-Tibet plateau, Studies in Plant Science, 6, 320-322 en Advances in Plant Glycosides, Chemistry and Biology, Proceedings of the International Symposium in Plant Glycosides
Zhao S., Q. Liu, X. Chen y Z. Hu. 2003. Separation and determination of gentiopicroside and swertimarin in Tibetan medicines by micellar electrokinetic electrophoresis. Biomedical Chromatography, 18, 10-15.
Bajpai M. B., R. K Asthna, N. K.Sharma S. K. Chatterjee e S. K., Mukherjee. 1991. Hipoglycemic effect of swerchirin from texane fraction of Swertia chirayta, Planta Medica 57, 102-104.
Benn M. H., N. I. Joyce, S. D. Lorimer, N. B. Perry, J. W. van Klink y Q.Wu. 2009. Xanthones and bisxanthones in ve New Zealand and subantartic Gentianella species, Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 37, 531-534.
Brahmachari G., S. Mondal, A. Gangopadhyay, D. Gorai, B. Mukhopadhyay, S. Saha y A. K.Brahmachari. 2004. Swertia (Gentianaceae): Chemical and Pharmacological Aspects Chemistry and Biodiversity, 1, 1627-1651 e riferimenti bibliogra ci ivi citati.
Carbonnier J., M. Massias. y D. Molho. 1977. Bull. Mus. Natl.Hist. Nat., 504, 23-40.
Chericoni S., L.Testai,V. Calderone, G. Flamini, P. Nieri, I. Morelli y E. Martinotti. 2003 The Xanthones Gentiacaulein and Gentiakochianin are Responsible for the Dilatator Action of the roots of Gentiana kochiana, Planta Medica, 69,770-772.
Daniel M. y S. D. Sabnis. 1978, Chemical systematics of family Gentianaceae Current Science 47, 109-111.
Funghi e ori in Italia (pubblicato 26 ottobre 2004) http://www.funghiitaliani.it/index. php?showtopic=14093.
Ho Ting-nung; S-w. Liu y C-j. Wu, 1988, Gentianaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 62: 1-411.
Joshi P. y V. Dhawan. 2005. Swertia chirayta – an overview, Current Science, 89, 635-640.
Matsushima T. ,A.Araki , O.Yagame, M. Muramatsu, K. Koyama, K. Ohsawa ,S. Natori 2 y H. Tomimori. 1985 Mutagenicities of xanthone derivatives in Salmonella typhimurium TA100, TA98,TA97, and TA2637, Mutation Research, 150, 141-146.
Medicamentos Herbarios Traditionalea (MTH) pp. 1-227 http://www.pro tocoop.com.ar/contenido.asp?id_contenido=446.
Morimoto I.,T. Nozaka, F.Watanabe, M. Ishino,Y. Hirose y T. Okitsu. 1983. Mutagenic activities of gentisin and isogentisin from Gentianae radix (Gentianaceae), Mutat. Res., 116, 103-117.
Niiho YT. Yamazaki, Y. Nakajima, T. Yamamoto, H. Ando, Y. Hirai, K. Toriizuka, Y. Ida 2006. Gastro protective effects of bitter principles isolated from Gentian root and Swertia herb on experimentally induced gastric lesions in rats, Journal of Natural Medicines,
60, 882 888.
Omeosalus srl, 2004. Medicalia, 91, 1.
Pant N., D. C. Jain y R. S. Bhakuni. 2000. Phytochemicals from genus Swertia and their biological activities, Indian Journal of Chemistry, 39B, 565-586.
Peres V., T. J. Nagem, F. F. Oliveira y T. T. Oliveira. 2002
The chemosystematic signi cance of xanthones in Gentianaceae, Current Topics in Phytochemistry, 5, 23-38
Randrianarivelojosia M.,A. Langloisb y D.A. Mulholland. 2006. Investigations of the Malagasy species Tachiadenus longi orus Grisebach (Gentianaceae): Linking chemical nding and traditional usage, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 105, 456-458
Rios M., Koziol M. J., Pedersen H. B., y Granda G. (Eds), 2007 Plantas Utiles del Ecuador: Applicaciones, Retos y Pespectivas. Ediciones AbyaYala, Quito Ecuador pagines 652
Saxena A. M. y S. K. Mukherjee. 1992. Mechanism of blood lowering action of Swertia chirayita: effect of impure swerchrin (SWI) on insulin release from isolated beta cells of the pancreas. J. Microb. Biotechnol., 7, 27-29
Saxena A. M., M. B Bajpai, P. S Murthy.y S. K. Mukherjee 1993. Mechanism of blood sugar lowering by a swerchirin-containing hexane fraction (SWI) of Swertia chirayita. Indian J. Exptl. Biol., 31, 178-181
Singh A. 2008. Phytochemicals of Gentianaceae: a Review of Pharmacological Properties, International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology, 1, 33-36 e riferimenti bibliogra ci ivi citati.
Struwe L.eV.A.Albert (Editor).2002.Gentianaceae: Systematics and Natural History, Cambridge University Press, 662 pp.
Wang J-N., C-Y. Hou, Y-L Liu, L-Z. Lin, R. R. Gil, G. A. Cordell, 1994. Swertifrancheside, an HIVreverse transcriptase Inhibitor and the rst Flacone-Xanthon Dimer from Swertia franchetiana, Journal of natural Products, 57, 211-217
Zhang X-F., 1999. Xanthone glycosides in Gentianceae of Qinghai-Tibet plateau, Studies in Plant Science, 6, 320-322 en Advances in Plant Glycosides, Chemistry and Biology, Proceedings of the International Symposium in Plant Glycosides
Zhao S., Q. Liu, X. Chen y Z. Hu. 2003. Separation and determination of gentiopicroside and swertimarin in Tibetan medicines by micellar electrokinetic electrophoresis. Biomedical Chromatography, 18, 10-15.
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jun 30, 2010
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